Ø    clay in lakes and on the sea bed 
Ø        limestone where the sea was a coral reef
Ø    sand on the shoreline and
Ø    gravel along the rivers. 

The southwest area of the parish forms part of the Corallian limestone ridge also known as the Midvale Ridge that extends to Faringdon in the west and to Thame in the east. The northwest lower flood plain of the parish comprises Oxford clay forming part of the River Thames valley formation. 

The topography of the area comprises higher ground (approx 120ft) in the southwest descending from Boars Hill and down Hinksey Hill to a lowland flat plain along the northeast boundary defined by Hinksey Stream.